(437) outline of course operation research techniques & investment criterion ملخص لمنهج تقنيات بحوث العمليات ومعايير الاستثمار
This memorandum presents a methodological framework for studying operations research techniques and investment evaluation criteria, with particular emphasis on the relationship between economic analysis and decision-making processes in developing economies. The document begins with a general introdu...
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the institute of national planning
2018
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| author | El-tigi, A.S.A. |
| author_facet | El-tigi, A.S.A. |
| author_sort | El-tigi, A.S.A. |
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| description | This memorandum presents a methodological framework for studying operations research techniques and investment evaluation criteria, with particular emphasis on the relationship between economic analysis and decision-making processes in developing economies. The document begins with a general introduction to the nature of economic problems and the environment in which investment decisions are made. It also highlights the distinction between private, public, and social evaluation criteria when assessing investment projects. The first part focuses on private profitability criteria as a conventional approach to project appraisal and selection. The document discusses the concept of private profitability as a decision-making tool and examines the limitations of relying solely on net profit rates for determining investment priorities. Such limitations become particularly significant in developing economies where market prices may not accurately reflect the true social value of resources. Consequently, the study emphasizes the need to incorporate social evaluation criteria alongside purely financial considerations. The document also provides a general review of social evaluation approaches through the analysis of productivity criteria for individual factors of production and input combinations, in addition to integrated criteria designed to balance economic efficiency with broader social objectives. Special attention is given to the Social Marginal Productivity (SMP) approach developed by Chenery for resource allocation, including its theoretical foundations, mathematical formulation, numerical illustrations, and critical assessment. Furthermore, the memorandum examines the benefit-cost criterion as a major instrument for project evaluation. It discusses the identification of primary and secondary costs and benefits, alternative forms of benefit-cost analysis, coefficient calculations, and the role of social pricing in estimating indirect project effects. The document also reviews practical investment-priority models, including the Philippine investment priority system and the Tinbergen investment appraisal approach, while addressing their conceptual foundations and operational challenges. The study concludes that effective investment decision-making should not rely exclusively on financial profitability indicators. Rather, it requires the integration of economic, social, and developmental dimensions within a comprehensive analytical framework aimed at achieving the optimal allocation and utilization of limited resources. |
| format | Other |
| id | ir-123456789-3912 |
| institution | My University |
| language | other |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | the institute of national planning |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ir-123456789-39122026-06-29T10:22:29Z (437) outline of course operation research techniques & investment criterion ملخص لمنهج تقنيات بحوث العمليات ومعايير الاستثمار El-tigi, A.S.A. investment priorities methods of evaluation designing restrain This memorandum presents a methodological framework for studying operations research techniques and investment evaluation criteria, with particular emphasis on the relationship between economic analysis and decision-making processes in developing economies. The document begins with a general introduction to the nature of economic problems and the environment in which investment decisions are made. It also highlights the distinction between private, public, and social evaluation criteria when assessing investment projects. The first part focuses on private profitability criteria as a conventional approach to project appraisal and selection. The document discusses the concept of private profitability as a decision-making tool and examines the limitations of relying solely on net profit rates for determining investment priorities. Such limitations become particularly significant in developing economies where market prices may not accurately reflect the true social value of resources. Consequently, the study emphasizes the need to incorporate social evaluation criteria alongside purely financial considerations. The document also provides a general review of social evaluation approaches through the analysis of productivity criteria for individual factors of production and input combinations, in addition to integrated criteria designed to balance economic efficiency with broader social objectives. Special attention is given to the Social Marginal Productivity (SMP) approach developed by Chenery for resource allocation, including its theoretical foundations, mathematical formulation, numerical illustrations, and critical assessment. Furthermore, the memorandum examines the benefit-cost criterion as a major instrument for project evaluation. It discusses the identification of primary and secondary costs and benefits, alternative forms of benefit-cost analysis, coefficient calculations, and the role of social pricing in estimating indirect project effects. The document also reviews practical investment-priority models, including the Philippine investment priority system and the Tinbergen investment appraisal approach, while addressing their conceptual foundations and operational challenges. The study concludes that effective investment decision-making should not rely exclusively on financial profitability indicators. Rather, it requires the integration of economic, social, and developmental dimensions within a comprehensive analytical framework aimed at achieving the optimal allocation and utilization of limited resources. تتناول هذه المذكرة العلمية إطارًا منهجيًا لدراسة تقنيات بحوث العمليات ومعايير تقييم الاستثمار، مع التركيز على العلاقة بين التحليل الاقتصادي واتخاذ القرار في الدول النامية. يبدأ المحتوى بتقديم مقدمة عامة حول طبيعة المشكلة الاقتصادية وبيئة اتخاذ القرار، إضافة إلى توضيح الحاجة إلى التمييز بين معايير التقييم الخاصة والعامة والاجتماعية عند دراسة المشروعات الاستثمارية. تركز الدراسة في جانبها الأول على معايير الربحية الخاصة باعتبارها أحد الأساليب التقليدية لتقييم المشروعات الاستثمارية واختيارها. وتناقش مفهوم الربحية الخاصة بوصفها أداة لاتخاذ القرار الاقتصادي، مع تحليل القيود المرتبطة بمعدل الربح الصافي باعتباره معيارًا وحيدًا لترتيب أولويات الاستثمار، خاصة في الاقتصادات النامية التي لا تعكس فيها أسعار السوق دائمًا القيمة الاجتماعية الحقيقية للموارد. ومن ثم تؤكد الدراسة ضرورة إدماج معايير التقييم الاجتماعي إلى جانب الاعتبارات الربحية. كما تقدم الوثيقة مراجعة عامة لمعايير التقييم الاجتماعي من خلال تحليل إنتاجية عناصر الإنتاج المختلفة، ومعايير إنتاجية المدخلات المركبة، إضافة إلى عدد من المعايير المجمعة التي تسعى إلى تحقيق توازن بين الكفاءة الاقتصادية والأهداف الاجتماعية. وتعرض الدراسة منهجية الإنتاجية الاجتماعية الحدية (SMP) كما طورها Chenery في تخصيص الموارد الاستثمارية، مع توضيح أسسها الرياضية والتطبيقية وتحليل مدى فاعليتها. كذلك تتناول الدراسة معيار تحليل المنافع والتكاليف باعتباره أداة أساسية لتقييم المشروعات، من خلال تحديد المنافع والتكاليف الأولية والثانوية، وطرق احتساب المعاملات المختلفة، ودور التسعير الاجتماعي في تقدير الآثار غير المباشرة للمشروعات. كما تستعرض نماذج تطبيقية لتحديد أولويات الاستثمار، مثل النظام الفلبيني وأسلوب Tinbergen، مع مناقشة الجوانب المفاهيمية والصعوبات التشغيلية المرتبطة بها. وتخلص الدراسة إلى أن فعالية قرارات الاستثمار لا تعتمد فقط على مؤشرات الربحية المالية، بل تتطلب دمج الأبعاد الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والتنموية ضمن إطار تحليلي متكامل يحقق الاستخدام الأمثل للموارد المحدودة. 2018-08-07T11:39:02Z 2018-08-07T11:39:02Z 1964-05 Other http://repository.inp.edu.eg/handle/123456789/3912 other External notes;437 application/pdf the institute of national planning |
| spellingShingle | investment priorities methods of evaluation designing restrain El-tigi, A.S.A. (437) outline of course operation research techniques & investment criterion ملخص لمنهج تقنيات بحوث العمليات ومعايير الاستثمار |
| title | (437) outline of course operation research techniques & investment criterion
ملخص لمنهج تقنيات بحوث العمليات ومعايير الاستثمار |
| title_full | (437) outline of course operation research techniques & investment criterion
ملخص لمنهج تقنيات بحوث العمليات ومعايير الاستثمار |
| title_fullStr | (437) outline of course operation research techniques & investment criterion
ملخص لمنهج تقنيات بحوث العمليات ومعايير الاستثمار |
| title_full_unstemmed | (437) outline of course operation research techniques & investment criterion
ملخص لمنهج تقنيات بحوث العمليات ومعايير الاستثمار |
| title_short | (437) outline of course operation research techniques & investment criterion
ملخص لمنهج تقنيات بحوث العمليات ومعايير الاستثمار |
| title_sort | 437 outline of course operation research techniques investment criterion ملخص لمنهج تقنيات بحوث العمليات ومعايير الاستثمار |
| topic | investment priorities methods of evaluation designing restrain |
| url | http://repository.inp.edu.eg/handle/123456789/3912 |
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