(182) The Requirements for Regional and National Planning متطلبات التخطيط الإقليمي والوطني
This study explores the planning cycle, consisting of sequential steps starting with planning propositions (1) and ending with the cycle's repetition. The steps include decision-making (2), implementation (3), realization (4), reflection (5), aspiration for development (6), demand determination...
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| Формат: | Книга |
| Опубліковано: |
معهد التخطيط القومى
2024
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| Предмети: | |
| Онлайн доступ: | http://repository.inp.edu.eg//handle/123456789/5521 |
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| Резюме: | This study explores the planning cycle, consisting of sequential steps starting with planning propositions (1) and ending with the cycle's repetition. The steps include decision-making (2), implementation (3), realization (4), reflection (5), aspiration for development (6), demand determination (7), and returning to propositions. The cycle can begin at any step and repeats iteratively. It commonly starts at step two, where authorities make decisions without prior planning or after reflection (step 5) driven by unrealistic aspirations or demand pressures. Step five is another common starting point, especially in large systems, where experiences and information lead to reconsideration and reevaluation. The study highlights the role of cultural and political leaders in shaping individual and societal aspirations towards actionable goals. |
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